Management strategy and policy research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

The executives system and strategy - Research Paper Example The net income of the organization in the money related year 2011 was $701.29 million, which mirrors a mirroring a solid monetary circumstance of the organization. Aramex is a traded on an open market business entity enlisted under United Arab Emirates laws and its offers are exchanged Dubai budgetary market. The organization is presently headquartered at Amman, Jordan and has its business wings spread everywhere throughout the world. The authoritative structure of the organization is all around characterized and is overseen along two tracks - 1) by administration 2) geologically, with the assistance of, nation supervisors, local ranking directors and cross?functional country?based‘Aramexteams’ that is giving harmonization of all Aramex benefits on an altered premise to Aramex clients (â€Å"About Aramex†). The hierarchical structure of the organization is introduced beneath: - Organizational structure of Aramex and how it impacts the plan and execution of Strateg y Figure 1 †Corporate administration Structure of Aramex (Source: Aramex, â€Å"Sustainability Report 2006† 8) The above diagram plainly focuses about the offices or divisions of the association. Likewise, the graph additionally reveals insight into the way Aramex is doing and dealing with its business capacities. By and by the organization has 4 significant offices to be specific showcasing, IT (data innovation), money and the tasks divisions. Every one of the divisions is being going by the VP’s (Vice Presidents). From the hierarchical diagram it has likewise seen that the organization has named VP’s in various area. The vast majority of them are liable for dealing with the activity of the distributed zones. The structure followed by the organization is in this manner plainly divisional structure. Be that as it may, these VP’s don't answer to any of the departmental heads, rather they straightforwardly reports to the CEO of the organization. Aside from them, different business heads, for example, the central innovation official, head promoting official, bunch money related controller, Sr. VP account and CFO, VP coordinations and ground activity, Sr. VP freight, VP express, boss system office, VP, just as the in front overseeing executive. Consequently, clearly the organization has had the option to smooth out its business procedure with this hierarchical course of action. In actuality, if the course of action wouldn’t have been proper the exhibition of the organization made certain to be adversely affected. In any case, the monetary aftereffects of the organization plainly brings up that the organization is doing admirably in the commercial center. The level and decentralized administration structure of the association is one of the key drivers of progress for the organization. The basic and adaptable structure of the association has permitted them to enable the representatives of the association and furthermore settle on choice relating to the improvement of the company’s administration contributions regardless of the area of the association and the level at which they are working (Aramex, â€Å"the time of entrepreneur† 4). In any case, various investigations uncover that the authoritative structure strongly affects the plan, definition and execution of the hierarchical systems. Hierarchical methodology and structure are profoundly related as the authoritative system of an organization encourages them to portray, recognize and assemble the hierarchical structure. This is the motivation behind why the authoritative structure of an organization depends on the result of the examination of the

Galileo essays

Galileo expositions Galileo Galilei was conceived on February 15, 1564, in Pisa, Italy. Galileo was the first of seven offspring of Vincenzio Galilei, a broker and Giula Ammannati, a privileged lady who wedded beneath her group. At the point when Galileo was a little fellow, his dad moved the family moved to Florence. Galileo moved into a close by religious community with the expectations of turning into a priest, however he left the cloister when he was 15 since his dad objected to his child turning into a priest. In November of 1581, Vincenzio Galilei had Galileo taken a crack at the University of Pisa School of Medicine since he needed his child to turn into a specialist to carry on the family fortune. Vincenzio imagined that Galileo ought to have the option to accommodate the family when he passed on, and his sister would require an endowment soon. Galileo had different plans, and in mid 1583 he started investing his energy with the science educators rather than the clinical ones. At the point when his dad scholarly of this, he was incensed and voyage 60 miles from Florence to Pisa just to defy his child with the information that he had been dismissing his investigations. The amazing duke's mathematician mediated and convinced Vincenzio to permit Galileo to consider arithmetic depending on the prerequisite that following one year, the entirety of Galileo's help would be cut off and he was all alone. In the spring of 1585, Galileo avoided his end of the year tests and left the college without a degree. He started looking for some kind of employment as a math mentor. In November of 1589, Galileo found a situation as a teacher of science at the college of Pisa, a similar one he had left without a degree four years prior. Galileo was a splendid educator, yet his extreme perspectives and open analysis of Aristotle's lessons were not satisfactory to different teachers at the college. They felt that he was excessively radical and that his lessons were not appropriate. In 1592, his three-year contract was not reestablished. 1n 1592, he found work showing arithmetic at the Univer... <! Galileo expositions Since (as I accept) the assessment of Copernicus that Venus spins about the sun is right, obviously she would fundamentally be seen by us some of the time horned and in some cases not, in spite of the fact that the said planet is at equivalent good ways from the Sun, at those occasions, that is, the point at which the littleness of the horns and the radiation of beams don't block the perceptions of this distinction. (Van Helden, pg. 106.) This is from a letter that Galileo Galilei composed, that was in his book The Sidereal Messenger, to Benedetto Castelli. This leads into the work, Galileos Daughter by Dava Sobel, where Galileos learned disclosures were not seen as positive as history has demonstrated them to be. In the event that Galileo had assaulted some individual mastermind for is lacking contentions for the steadiness of the earth, we may in any case put a positive development on his test however as he proclaims war on everyone and sees as mental smaller people all who are not Pythagorean or Copernican, it is clear enough what he has as a primary concern. (Sobel, Dava pg. 256) This announcement by the Jesuit specialist, Melchior Inchofer, shows what Galileo was facing in his day and age. The Copernican thought of the Earth was the focal point of the universe was accepted by the vast majority of the individuals on the planet. Galileo had seen the rings of Saturn, which he mistakenly accepted them to confirm Saturn's being as three stars in succession, as opposed to a planet. He at that point found that Venus, similar to the moon, experienced stages; this gave key proof to the Heliocentric framework, since it suggested that Venus circled the sun similarly as the moon circled the earth. Ga lileo found the presence of sunspots, by outlining them over a time of months, he reasoned that the sun really turned. These perceptions are proof for the unbelieved thought of the Heliocentric hypothesis. In Galileos Daughter it is clear that the congregation doesn't concur with his perspectives on the ... <! Galileo articles Galileo is known as sciences most sensational character. He is known as an agitator scholar who upheld free however in a nation where singular assessment was hated. He faced position and convention by placing his convictions in his logical work before those of religion. His idea of addressing and looking for reality prompted numerous revelations, for example, the isochronism of the pendulum, disliking the acknowledged Aristotelian idea of the fall of loads, development of the telescope which was an unquestionably progressively amazing instrument that anybody had ever observed and through it he found satellites of Jupiter just as numerous others....... Conceived of an in Pisa, Tuscan on February 15, 1564, Galileo was the most established child of Vincenzio Galilei. (Book Galileo, page 59) When he was a little youngster his family moved to Florence where he got his initial training in a close by religious community. At that point in 1581 he was sent to the University of Pisa to examine medication. Galileo had little enthusiasm for medication and discovered his classes exhausting. Be that as it may, his dynamic and inquisitive psyche drove him into the universe of science. He was sitting in the house of prayer at Pis while the lights were being lit. He saw that the lights were swinging and some had more extensive circular segments then others. He expected that the lights with the more extensive swings would require additional time so he coordinated them by the beat of his heartbeat and found that all the swings took a similar time. The light was acting like a pendulum and these perceptions indicated that any pendulum should in this w ay be isochronous, playing out all swings in equivalent occasions. He likewise suggested his discoveries about pendulums to develop a planning counsel. What was most significant is that Galileo had set a mind-blowing example. A straightforward perception drove him to questions and trials which prompted new information and applications. The primary indication of him being a revolutionary was demonstrated when he chose to leave clinical school without a degree and come back to Florence against his father&... <! galileo expositions Galileo was an Italian physicist and cosmologist who with the German stargazer Johannes kelper started the logical insurgency that started crafted by Sir Isaac Newton. Galileos primary intrigue was stargazing he utilized the telescope which he imagined utilizing optic focal points to see sunspots on the sun loonier mountains and valleys the four biggest satellites of Jupiter and the periods of Venus. He additionally found the laws of falling articles and the movement of moving shots. At Padua Galileo concocted an ascertaining compass for the down to earth arrangement of scientific issues. He utilized his investigations of material science and estimation to find the law of falling items and the manner in which shots move. He additionally considered pendulums he was sitting in a room one day and was viewing a pendulum swing to and fro and he found that the planning of the swings was the equivalent each time this hypothesis that he found is currently utilized in a well known innovation called the clock. Right now he indicated next to no enthusiasm for stargazing in spite of the fact that he built up the hypothesis that the earth rotates around the sun. In 1609 Galileo knew about the main government agent glass that was created in Holland. So Galileo gave a telescope about a similar intensity of an advanced field glass. By December of 1609 Galileo had assembled a telescope of multiple times the amplification with which he found mountains and cavities on the moon. He additionally observed that the Milky Way was comprised of stars and he finds the four biggest satellites of Jupiter. He distributed these discoveries in March 1610 in the brilliant Messenger. The more that Galileo watched our universe through his telescope the more he understood he at last arrived at the resolution that the sun was not the focal point of the universe the earth was and in light of the fact that he conflicted with the Rome catholic church in saying this he was condemned to life in jail. ... <! Galileo papers Galileo Galilee was conceived in the Renaissance time. He was brought into the world close to Pisa, Italy on February 15, 1564 and passed on January 8, 1642 in Arcetr. He was taught at the University of Pisa. Galileo was an arithmetic educator and a researcher. He achieved much in the course of his life. Galileo went to the University of Pisa for a long time. He concentrated on clinical investigations. Galileos father, Vincenzo Galilee needed him to be a specialist; Galileo didn't. In 1585, Galileo didnt need to concentrate to be a specialist any more. He convinced his dad to let him leave the college. Galileo was progressively inspired by science, than medication. He demonstrated assurance by comprehending what he needed to do with his life. During the four years Galileo was being mentored in science, he addressed logical idea and Aristotles theory. While Galileo was being coached he likewise addressed hydrostatic parity. In 1589 Galileo was designated an arithmetic educator at the University of Pudua. There he went through the following 18 years of his life. Galileo wasnt the sort of individual hesitant to pose inquiries. He was really a daring person. In 1633 Galileo was detained for life for Vehement doubt of blasphemy. While he was in jail he composed several books. The first, which was restricted by the congregation, was distributed in 1637, it was called, The Dialog Concerning the Two Chief System. His next book was distributed one year later. The congregation additionally restricted it. It was named, The Discourse On Two New Sciences. These books were prohibited in light of the fact that they couldn't help contradicting what the congregation educated. That demonstrated his mastery, and insight. Galileo was in reality a legend of the Renaissance. He fabricated a telescope more grounded than at any other time. He constructed everything while he was instructing. He additionally scrutinized a huge numbers of the places of worship lessons. On the off chance that the congregation had realized he concurred with the Copernican hypothesis he would have been murdered. Galileo was a genuine legend. ... <! galileo papers Galileo Galilei was conceived in Pisa, Tuscany in 1564 and was the child of Florentine performer Vincenzo Galilei. Galileo was an extremely smart kid and at age 17, due to

Diversification in Stock Portfolios Example

Diversification in Stock Portfolios Example Diversification in Stock Portfolios â€" Speech or Presentation Example > Diversification in Stock Portfolios Table of Contents Problem 20 A risk-averse investor is one who, when given a choice of two investment options with similar expected return, would have a preference for the option which has comparative lower risk. In this case, a risk-averse investor is given two completely different economies as options and has a choice of investing in either of the two economies. The two economies have identical expected return and similar volatility of all the stocks. But in the first economy, each and every one stock move in the same trend, i.e. in good times the price of every stock rises simultaneously and in bad times the price of every stock descend together. On the contrary, in the second economy the price of one stock has no effect on the price of the other and hence the stock returns are independent. Diversification in stock portfolios represents reduction of risk by investing in a variety of stocks. It is a common approach based on the old saying that ‘one should not put all his eggs in a single basket’. An investor who diversifies her assets among numerous investments or stocks can lessen the instability of her portfolio, proviso the stocks are imperfectly correlated (Campbell, 2000). Correlation is an evaluation of how two stocks move in comparison to each other, they are said to be correlated if both of them move in a similar trend. If all the stocks in a particular portfolio shift in a similar direction i. e. when markets are favorable all the stocks show an upward movement and when markets are not favorable all of them show a downward slide; then such a portfolio cannot be considered to be properly diversified. Thus, the mere investment in various stocks does not diversify one’s portfolio; one has to also consider the correlation between the stocks where one’s ass et has been invested. An association between two stocks can be positively correlated, negatively correlated or non-correlated. In some instances, these positive correlations are easily visible, for example in the cases of gasoline and crude oil or silver and gold (Tanous, 2008, p. 48). In such cases, as one market moves, the other has a tendency to move in the same trend. Therefore, diversification would not be accomplished by buying both gold and silver, or gasoline and crude oil. Negatively correlated stocks tend to progress in entirely opposite track, when one moves up, the other moves down. While negative correlations do offer diversification opportunities, they might not be the best strategy to employ  as they tend to neutralize the returns achieved. When looking for diversification prospects, it is significant to focus on stocks that are non-correlated to one another. Such stocks are independent of each other and it is best to hold the stocks that will profit independently (Patel, 2004). The returns on two or more completely correlated stocks would shift toward positive and negative direction together and a portfolio of such stocks would be precisely as risky as the individual specific stocks (Besley Et. Al, 2007, p. 320). Thus, investing in the first economy, where the stocks in the portfolio are inclined to shift in the same way, is not advisable. Investing in stocks that have no correlation to one another can help to reduce risk without compromising on the returns (Patel, 2004, p. 78). Thus, it is advisable to invest in stocks in the second economy. References Besley, S. Et. Al. (2007). Essentials of managerial finance. Cengage Learning. Campbell. J.Y. (2000). Diversification: A Bigger Free Lunch. Harvard University. Retrieved Online on August 03, 2011 from http: //kuznets. fas. harvard. edu/~campbell/papers/diversification. pdf Patel, A. B., (2004). Alpesh B. Patel on Stock Futures: Strategies for Profiting from Stock Futures. Harriman House Limited. Tanous, P., (2008). Kiplingers Build a Winning Portfolio: Investment Strategies for Reaching Your Financial Goals. Kaplan Publishing

Cell Phone Addiction Essay - 1429 Words

The cell phone has become a centerpiece of everyday life as cell phones are evolving and have been increasing their functionalities. Today, we use them today for many others reasons than what cell phones were originally designed to do. People are using them so often that they are becoming dependent on their phones that they have even become addicted to them. Those who are addicted to their cell phones struggle to stay away from them for a certain period of time and become so indulged in all of the unique things they can provide. With cell phone addiction comes many problems or issues that can occur in an individual’s life. Cell phone addiction has lead to differences in people mentally, physically, and behaviorally. Cell phone addiction†¦show more content†¦Luigi Gallimberti, et. al discusses in their article â€Å"Problematic Cell Phone Use for Text Messaging and Substance Abuse in Early Adolescence (11- to 13-year-olds),† that problematic cell phone use (PCPU), is associated with psychological distress, low self-esteem, depression, drug abuse, insomnia, and thoughts of suicide (356). The overuse of cellphones can really detriment a person mentally and could cause them to arrive at one of these issues stated. An issue also arises when a person with a cell phone addiction is in school. They tend to remain unfocused while on their phones and they don’t participate during class. In a sample, the students who had better test grades were less likely to have a problematic cell phone addiction (Gallimberti, et. al 360). This finding confirms the positive association between cell phone addiction and poor performance in school. In schools, it was concluded that this overuse of cel lphones was positively connected with deficient school performance in teens with an average age of 15.7 years old (Gallimberti, et. al 360). Aviad Hadar studies in his article â€Å"Answering the Missed Call: Initial Exploration of Cognitive and Electrophysiological Changes Associated With Smartphone Use and Abuse† that cell phone addiction was studied to be linked with reduced attention, changes in how someone processes, stores, and applies information about other people and socialShow MoreRelatedAn essay on cell phone addiction.1227 Words   |  5 PagesCell Phones: Addicting or Not? Are we addicted to our cell phones? This is a common question that has arisen in the past several years as our phone technology and capabilities continue to increase. According to recent statistics, 85% of the U.S. population are cell phone users (Chen).We Americans use our cell phones to do just about everything. We talk, text, check our E-mail, surf the Internet, and interact in social networking, all on our phones. Because our phones have become so resourceful toRead MoreCell Phone Addiction Essay990 Words   |  4 Pagescivilization, cell phones are being relied on more by everyone and destroying society and the education of those in school. According to Merriam-Webster dictionary, a cell phone is a wireless portable communication device, but phones are seen as more of an answer to every problem rather than just a communicating device. Cell-phones are the center of todays society, they are relied on for everything from finding the answer to a simple question, to finding the defi nition of a word. Cell phones are seenRead MoreCell Phone Addiction Essay1897 Words   |  8 Pagesof technology has been rapidly increasing since the 1900s. When the cell phone was invented in the 1970s, nobody could have imagined how far they have come. What was once a luxury item is now an item that is rare to not have. With the widespread usage of cell phones comes the problem of addiction. The issue has become so bad scientists have keyed the term â€Å"nomophobia† as the fear of being out of reach of your mobile cell phone and the Internet. The world has slowly became more of an online worldRead MoreArticle Analysis : Cell Phone Use While Walking Across Campus1075 Words   |  5 PagesArticle analysis of Cell Phone Use While Walking Across Campus: An Observation and Survey. An analysis by Morgan Penrose. This essay will identify and summarise the article Cell Phone Use While Walking Across Campus: An Observation and Survey written by Tessa Jones and published by Elon Journal in 2014. It will also discuss the depth of the article by looking at key elements of the essay such as statistics, references, as well as whether or not the essay provides an in-depth analysis of the subjectRead MoreTv Addiction822 Words   |  4 PagesIn her essay, Tv Addiction, Marie Winn compares television addiction to other harmful habits, and tries to convince the reader that heavy television viewing is as harmful as drug and alcohol, and it should not be viewed differently than other serious addictions. In fact, the most important factor that backs up her argument is her simplified definition for the word addiction, which is a tendency to overindulge in some pleasurable activity. (608) However, thinking logically, we could seeRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effects On Society888 Words   |  4 PagesCell phones are one of the numerous technologies that have changed our lives in astounding ways. Similar to any external stimuli, cell phone usage can form an addiction that negatively impacts your life. Two covers for The New Yorker, â€Å"Unmasked† and â€Å"Sweet Nothings† convey the same message of cell phone addiction distracting people from living in the present moment and enjoying their lives. â€Å"Unmasked† depicts parents taking their children trick-or-treating, which would normally be an enjoyable momentRead MoreAddiction For Cell Phone Addiction1293 Words   |  6 PagesCell phone Addiction is a devastating and pervasive issue in the whole world. â€Å"90% of U.S citizens own a cell phone.†(psychguides) Cell phones are majorly improving causing people to enjoy them more which results in them using the cell phone to much. â€Å"67% people admitted to checking their phone even when it didn’t vibrate or ring. â€Å"(Psychguides) This is called phantom vibration syndrome. â€Å"9 out of 10 people have phantom phone syndrome.†(WebMD) I have it and you most likely do too. Some symptomsRead MoreOur Distracted Culture : What Was It?1643 Words   |  7 Pageshaving a tumor called a gadget with apps to play on. Mike Masterson, a columnist for the Arkansas Democrat Gazette, in his editorial essay, â€Å"Our Distracted Culture: What Was That?† directly focuses on how this generation is immensely affected by the growth of technology. Masterson goes into depth on how our culture is addicted to devices, specifically cell phones, that correlates with social media and how it affects relationships and everyday life. He claims, The harsh truth is we Americans haveRead MoreThe Social Impact of Cell Phones Essay1465 Words   |  6 Pagesclosest thing to â€Å"cellular technology† was a car phone made by the ATA Company but, Martin and his determined Motorola group yearned higher heights and deeper depths for communication- and thus the birth of the first cell phone was in process. Cooper wanted to exceed the limitations of just simple â€Å"car conversation†. After consistent tedious hours of production, lasting a several month long period of building, critiquing, and finalizing , the first cell phone was born. The first mobile device was the sizeRead MoreDiscuss the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using the Subjective Test for Criminal Recklessness, as Used in the Case1294 Words   |  6 PagesDiscuss the advantages and disadvantages of using the subjective test for Criminal Recklessness, as used in the case of G and R (2003) This essay will briefly discuss the meaning of criminal recklessness within the criminal law and the types of recklessness, and see what the current law states today. The essay will examine the advantages and disadvantages of using the subjective test (which is currently known today as Cunningham recklessness) regarding criminal recklessness which was used in the

Should The United States Military Leave The Middle East

Should the United States Military Leave the Middle East Jacob Deckard April 9 2015 Mrs. Mcbride Jacob Deckard 9 April 2015 Mrs. Mcbride English IV Research Paper Should the United States Military Leave the Middle East History has proven that the United States military is the best in the world, but many people want our soldiers to come home from the middle east. Yes, this is a very good thing for families, but what would happen over at the middle east. In my personal opinion I think that we should not pull our troops from the Middle East. There are many reasons why I believe it would be a bad idea to pull our troops from the Middle East. First, The Rural economy in the middle east areas where our bases are at would likely be in†¦show more content†¦It was when George H.W. Bush came to office ,and with him another leader stepped to power and wanted to seize more power, Saddam Hussein, Saddam wanted to seize the rest of the middle east for himself. President Bush was against this and pushed U.S. Troops into the middle east and called it Operation Desert Shield. This led to Operation desert storm, and many more wars in the Middle East. Eventually, leading up to what we have today with terro rist groups such as ISIS,Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham, who is the leading terrorism group at the moment. Before ISIS was the al-qaeda terrorist group who caused many of the well known bombings throughout the world such as the Twin towers, USS cole bombing, Istanbul Bombing, and The Battle of Wanat, also known as Black Hawk Down. Many of the United states bases are in or surrounding rural towns and villages of the Middle East. Since these areas are rural they generally do not have good access to medical supplies, transportation, or other needs. These bases not only support local towns , but also they give a source of protection to the civilians. If the military left the middle east there could be a lot of consequences for these civilians. There are many possibilities that could happen to these civilians such as, getting forced in ISIS, loss of steady income, no medicinal support, and no clean water source. If these outcomes were to happen it would cause a great many of deaths among the Middle Eastern Rural

My Trip Free Essays

If I have a lot of money, I will spend it by travelling around the world in 10 days with my friends. The country that I plan visit is Australia,Japan,Canada, Singapore. The purpose of this trip is to enjoy and relax our mind. We will write a custom essay sample on My Trip or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first day,I wake up at 7 o’clock in the morning and meet my friend at the KLIA at 8 o’clock. Our flight will be depart at 11 o’clock. We took the plane for 9 hour and finally arrive at the Melbourne Airport, Australia at midnight. After that we search for the hotel that we have booked named Melbourne Hotel get some rest for the day. The next day we will go to state capital of New South Wales, Sydney. One of the famous place you have to visit in Sydney is the Sydney Opera House. There they got 1000 rooms, 300 corridors and hundreds of tales and secrets. The next day we’ll go to the Art Gallery of New South Wales. the Gallery is one of Australia’s leading museums of art and a Sydney institution, with five levels presenting a diverse range of art. And that’s the end of the second day. The third day, we’ll take flight from Australia to Japan also for 9 hours. There we arrive at the Haneda Airport,Japan. After that we stayed at Hotel Metropolitan Tokyo. The third day, we’ll go to the Japan’s communications and observation tower,Tokyo Tower. The tower acts as a support structure for an antenna. Originally intended for television broadcasting, radio antennas were installed in 1961, but the tower is now used to broadcast signals for Japanese media outlets. The next day, we go to the Kaminari Gate in Asakusa, Tokyo. The Kaminari Gate was first built in 941 by Taira no Kinmasa a military commander. 2] It was originally located near Komagata, but it was reconstructed in its current location in 1635. The fifth day, we go to the Shinjuku for shopping because the Shinjuku is the center of this large district home to many malls, stores, restaurants. The sixth day, we’ll take flight from Japan to Canada for 10 hours and 50 mins. We arrive at the Montreal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport, Canada. We stayed at the Le Petit Hotel, Motreal and rest for the day. The next day, we’ll go to the Basilique Notre-Dame. This Catholic church has a stunning medieval-style interior that features walnut-wood arvings, exquisite stained-glass windows, 24-carat gold stars in a vaulted blue ceiling, as well as one of the largest Casavant organs in North America. The next day, we’ll go to the Mont (Mount) Royal. This 764-foot mountain provides excellent view of the city and is a popular recreation spot. The ninth day, we’ll take flight to Canada to Singapore about 16 hours and 30 mins. We stayed at the Marina Bay Sands. The next day we go to the Merlion Park. Merlion is a mythical creature with the head of a lion and the body of a fish, used as a mascot and national personification of Singapore. And the next day me go back to Malaysia How to cite My Trip, Papers

Managing Supply Chain of Nokia

History and Background of the Company Nokia Corporation is a Finland based company that primarily deals with the manufacture of mobile telephones. The company’s brand product is the Nokia phones. The success of the Nokia Company is largely attributed to its best management in supply chain practices.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing Supply Chain of Nokia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This project will tend to analyze the supply-chain management practices at the Nokia Corporation. It gives a vivid description of how the company is enhancing its efficiency in a supply chain so as to counteract the impact of reduced market demand of mobile phone handsets. Nokia is the number one producer of mobile phone devices in the world, and its supply chain has been rated as number six in the ranking of world’s top 25 companies in the world in terms of their supply chain. Nokia Company was founded in 186 5 as a paper milling plant, and it was until 1982 that it began producing mobile phones. Nokia Corporation has 15 mobile manufacturing plants that are spread in nine countries. Their plants are found in the following countries: Brazil, Romania, South Korea, Finland, China India, Mexico, Hungary and Great Britain. Its mother depot is located in Gurgaon. The mother company provides help in the selection of market partners like distributors and dealers; it also provides monetary privileges to its priority dealers in order to assist in promotion of the Nokia products on a larger scale (Scribd, 2011). Supply-chain management is defined as the totality of all activities that are involved in the delivery of company products to the customer. This process involves the sourcing of raw materials, assembling of the raw materials to form the finished products, warehousing, distribution and delivery of the final product. Nokia operates two business groups, Nokia mobile phones and Nokia networks. The company provides wireless communication products and services. Nokia supplies equipment and communication services all over the globe. Nokia is considered as a leading international communication company which focuses its operations on wireless and wire line telecommunication areas (Shah 2009).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is the pioneer of digital technology and wireless data communications network; its innovativeness enhances its competitiveness and telecommunication network growth. Nokia is listed in four stock exchange markets (Nokia Website, 2011). Overview of its Supply Chain Supply chain of an organization is the system of all the activities and resources that are involved in transferring a product from the supplier to the consumers, it is the transformation of the raw materials and the components into finished goods, which are ready for use by the customer. Market analysts associate the success of the Nokia Corporation to its best supply chain practices. The supply chain of Nokia Corporation is an integrated one with â€Å"intertwined suppliers, manufacturing plants, contract manufacturers, sales and logistics service providers and the ultimate consumers† (Kalra, 2011, p. 3). The company has entered into a relationship with its suppliers while supporting them in their processes. Nokia has been in a better position to keep the prices of its products low due to its efficient manufacturing system and production processes. Nokia Corporation has adopted a hybrid system of manufacturing, which is a combination of both in-house and outsourcing manufacturing. To enhance its competitiveness, the company has incorporated smart manufacturing techniques in its manufacturing facilities. The company’s distribution network is wide, and this has enhanced its ability to reach the majority of its consumers. Nokia stands far much ahead whe n compared with other companies, particularly in regional outsourcing and its unique feature of collaborating with the suppliers to form an organized design of the supply chain (Cavinato, Flynn, Kauffman, 2006). Nokia has a complex supply chain which has the capacity to handle approximately 100 billion components, together with sixty strategic suppliers and ten manufacturing plants globally. Nokia Corporation established its supply-chain management (SCM) transformation in the year 1995, and it was aimed at replacing its inventory with information, which could create a pull driven supply chain that was integrated to link the suppliers, production plants, telecommunication operators, distribution partners, sales offices, financial institutions, contract manufacturer logistics providers and ultimately, the consumers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing Supply Chain of Nokia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Th is was aimed at creating an efficient network of supply that can provide solutions to customer expectations (Nokia Website, 2011). The secret to the success of Nokia Corporation lies in its creation of value-oriented partnership with the suppliers, which is guided by true information, trust and better leadership, which are realized through its principle of collaboration. Nokia has suppliers all over the world and its base suppliers are in countries like Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Italy, Japan, Morocco and Canada among other many more countries. Nokia embraces supplier diversity, which ranks top on its corporate responsibility. The company only spends on those suppliers who can contribute to the economic prosperity of the company. The company has developed its set of Nokia Supplier requirements that encompass environmental and social demands and are based on international standards (Kalra, 2011). Supply chain is an important operation area for Nokia. It is considered as an instrument towards the realization of the competitive nature of the company. Nokia places emphasis on the efficiency of the demand and the supply network which may be significant in the achievement of ever increasing demand for the Nokia products. Proximity of cooperation between the customers and the suppliers is a central organ of its development principles. Cooperation also promotes diversity in the supply chain (Burt, Petcavage Pinkerton, 2010). Organizational Structure The organizational structure of Nokia is that of four business groups and two horizontal groups. In this kind of organizational structure, the four business groups are: mobile phones, multimedia, enterprise solutions and its networks while the two horizontal groups are customer and market operations and the technological platform. This organizational structure is illustrated by the diagram below.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More (Nokia Website, 2011) Overview of new-product development Process The development of new Nokia product in the market can be demonstrated in the following stages: In Nokia Corporation, it is believed that the life cycle of a market product is two years after which another product is originated and hence the development of a new product is carried out concurrently with the research and the design of the new product. Stage one: generation of the idea; the idea may be from internal or external source. Internal ideas may emanate from the research and development department, while the external sources of ideas may originate from competitors, customers suppliers or distributors. Stage two: screening of the idea; in every preceding stage in product development, the price may be high, and it is therefore imperative that any idea that is poor should be eliminated. It is at this stage that all the ideas are evaluated to allow for elimination of unworthy ones. Stage three: generation and testi ng of the concept; concept development enhances the creation of the exact version of the idea as explained in meaningful terms. It is at this stage that the consumers are asked to evaluate the concept. Stage four: marketing strategy; this stage involves mapping out the target market as well as positioning the product in readiness for the market. Consequently, the price of the product, distribution strategy and marketing is mapped out at this stage. All analysis regarding the product is undertaken at this stage. Stage five: business analysis; at this stage, the sales, costs and the projection of profit are analyzed. Stage six: product development. The typical development of the product and its testing are done at this stage. Stage seven: marketing test; three market tests are undertaken at this stage. These are: standard test marketing, simulation marketing and the controlled test markets. Stage eight: commercialization; this stage involves the presentation of the product into the ma rket (Scribd, 2011). Nokia Corporation places a lot of interest on the transformation aspect of its production. The Corporation emphasizes on the production of new and diverse products so as to make them competitive in the market. There are circumstances where a phone can be available in more than 170 different kinds. The operations’ philosophy that has supported the complex nature of its production is to think locally and acts globally, which implies that the company balances localized decision-making with its objective of global planning. How the Organization Manages Quality of its Products Quality is at the heart of Nokia products. It is their objective to provide quality products for its customers. Quality brand is a characteristic of the products and services of Nokia Corporation. Nokia Company is linked with the passion for the pursuit of constant improvement to an extent that it will exceed the expectations of the customers. Since Nokia is a leading telecommunication c ompany in the globe, it is necessary that high-quality standards should be upheld in all aspects of its operations. Nokia has the desire to achieve quality in the following fields: customer services to enhance customer loyalty, products through constant innovation and improvement and quality in its operations by ensuring effectiveness and efficiency in its management. Analysis of when and how the company can determine whether to outsource or make product in-house As a global company, Nokia sources materials and components as well as services from all over the world. Its sourcing can be classified into two, namely, direct and indirect sourcing. Outsourcing is considered as one way of reducing costs while enhancing performance. A company can only outsource that service which is not central to the business of the corporation. Direct sourcing: this is responsible for the material supply of Nokia’s products; these may include the components, product parts, packaging and software a s well as research and development of new products. Indirect sourcing: this is responsible for the capital equipments like furniture and computer. It also encompasses the sourcing of catering and consultancy services. To be competitive in the market and for profitability, Nokia outsourced its IT services to Capgemini, which is an IT consultant firm of France origin. Outsourcing is necessary to enable the company focus on the supply chain as well as the need to address market efficiency, which has the potential of saving costs and transforming the production process in the chain of supply. Consequently, the company has also outsourced the production of Symbian software development to a company called Accenture, as part of the deal, Nokia was to transfer 2, 800 of its workers to Accenture. Accenture was to provide software services to Nokia operations in Britain, US, India, China and Finland. In this scenario, outsourcing was necessary since it was used as a measure to minimize the la bor force and costs to be able to remain competitive in the market and to catch up with its rivals like Smartphone manufacturers. How the Organization deals with Issues of Contract Under its contract with Capgemini, the IT firm was to provide management services like the delivery of goods and making of customer order management as well as invoicing. In this contract, matters facing customers are not entered or covered in the contract. Matters of contract are listed in the supplier requirements. It is therefore, the duty of the suppliers to best decide whether they can meet the demands and the terms of the contract. When Nokia enters into a contract with suppliers, the following issues are put into consideration; what they are supplying, what they require in order to supply, how long the suppliers will be obligated to supply, their price of supplying it and what they will be held liable in case things do not flow as expected. All the above factors will define how the supplier will ha ndle the commercial agreement and how business will be consulted under the agreement. It will also make it easy for the supplier to operate under the terms of the agreement. With regards to Nokia’s contract with the customers, the customer would want to be guaranteed of the flexibility of the product to be supplied and the price to be paid for the product. A short-term of Nokia’s contract with the customers is the bonus factor. Generally, confidentiality is important in contract negotiations and there is also need for boiler plate clauses in the contract. Production and Inventory Control Measures When compared with its competitors, Nokia utilizes the life cycle concept of the production process. This involves the manufacturing of mobile phones in two main phases; first is the building of the innards of the phone while the second stage is labeled as fast turnaround, and it is referred as the assembly to order. Nokia Company has almost ten production units with high prod uctivity and a big production capacity. These units are only in those countries that Nokia has operations. Consequently, Nokia has a better production technology savvy which can produce the products at an amazing speed as well as sustaining mass production. Nokia Company enjoys very big economies of scale. It is estimated that it averages at $88 making a phone and $129 retailing it; this is an indication that Nokia’s gross profit margin is very high. The production department of the Nokia Corporation is a central competency of the Company. The company has the potential and the capacity to meet the increasing market demands for mobile phones while enjoying economies of scale because of the massive production of mobile phones. It is the production technology that is utilized by the company that makes it rank as the best and the largest mobile manufacturing in the world. Nokia Corporation is the leading mobile phones’ manufacturer in the market based on its volume of sale s and the quality of its products. This is due to its ability to select best suppliers in the market and also its large production capacity. Nokia Corporation has one of the best and wide networks of product distribution, which stems from the village market to the remotest parts of the globe where they have stalls to the most advanced markets in Europe and America where they have concept stores. Joint ventures and cooperation with the supplier has enabled Nokia to utilize its inventory levels. Nokia suppliers who are at times contracted to be Nokia partners take part in the product-development process to satisfy the demands for the future production. The effective and efficient management of inventory in the Nokia Company is backed up by diversification of supplier location. Consequently, Nokia built its inventory based on demand but there is always minimum levels inventory that should be kept constant. Relationship between Demand, Supply and Logistics in the Organization Though it is necessary to match supply and demand in every organization, there are often some difficulties that are encountered in the efforts to match demand and supply. This may include the uncertainties in demand and supply, variations in consumer requirements and the fragmentation of the supply chain. Logistics is understood as the flow of materials, money and information from the suppliers to the consumers while demand, on the other hand, is defined as the flow of operations from the supplier to the manufacturers’ locations and finally to the consumers. The logistics costs that are attached to the demand supply include the freight costs, warehousing and the interest rates levied. It is the responsibility of the logistics to find the cheapest and most affordable way of producing a product and the best method of reaching to the consumers. The logistics department must establish the most economical element of supply (Scribd, 2011). Conclusion The shortening of the product life-cycle poses problems to the development of a new product by Nokia. Several companies no longer comply with the demand that a product should undergo all the stages from design to launch for it to be made available to the market. This has, however, facilitated faster and active procurement in companies. Nokia Corporation acknowledges the importance of outsourcing to realize high profitability. Consequently, the company requires its sub-contractors and suppliers to adhere to the stipulated terms of contract to prevent unnecessary legal complications, which might spoil the reputation of the company. Like any other company, Nokia has suppliers from all corners of the world, and it is the duty of the company to define its requirements for suppliers in wherever they are situated. To ensure efficient and reliable product supply, Nokia has devised a Nokia Supplier Requirements (NSR) that its suppliers must subscribe and comply with. Nokia stresses the need for openness and trust in its transaction s with the suppliers; it is thus two phrases that drive compliance and improvements of performance. This can be assessed through supplier assessments by the company. To enhance supplier confidence and reliability, Nokia undertakes supplier training, which makes it a unique company in the globe. References Burt, D. N., Petcavage, S. D., Pinkerton, R. L. (2010). Supply management (8th Ed.). New York, NY: McGraw†Hill. Cavinato, J.L., Flynn, A.E. Kauffman, R.G. (2006). The supply management handbook. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Professional. Kalra, D. (2011). Global supply-chain management of Nokia. Slide Share net. Web. Nokia Website. (2011). Supply chain. Nokia Corporation. Web. Scribd. (2011). Supply-chain management in Nokia. Web. Shah, J. (2009). Supply-chain management: texts and cases. India: Pearson Education. This essay on Managing Supply Chain of Nokia was written and submitted by user Gianna Jennings to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.